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#GERMAN GRAMMAR RULES FOR ADJECTIVES FULL#

dunkel (dark), hell (light) and blass (pale)etc.įor Example: dunkelblau (dark blue), hellbraun (light brown), blassgelb (pale yellow)įor Example: schneeweiß (snowwhite) rabenschwarz (ravenblack), blutrot (bloodred).There are several of them and are mostly adjective combinations with colors and some with animals: (Just make sure to not overuse them.) The easiest ones to remember are the ones that are a literal translation from English.

These types of adjectives give a nice punch to conversation and serve to further itensify and emphasize what you are trying to say.

English adjective endings in -y, -ly, or -ally -> -lich or -igįor Example: freundlich, hungrig, persönlich, sportlich.

English Adjective ending in -ic or-, ical -> ischįor Example: allergisch, analytisch, egoistisch, musikalischįor Example: aktiv, intensiv, kreativ, passiv.

English adjectives ending in -al -> -ell ending in Germanįor Example: generell, individuell, offiziel, sensationell.

English adjectives ending in -ent -> sameįor Example: excellent, intelligent, kompetent.

English adjectives ending in -ant -> sameįor Example: tolerant, interessant, elegant.

English adjectives ending in -al -> same in Germanįor Example: diagonal, emotional, ideal, normal, national, original.

(don't forget to switch the c to a k when writing them!) Even if you don't remember these differences when speaking, the adjectives resemble one another so much, that a German speaker would understand what you are trying to say : There are only slight differences between these adjectives in the two languages. (Despite the dark walls it's actually quite bright.The German language has a surprising large amount of cognate adjectives in English.

Trotz der dunklen Wände ist es eigentlich ganz hell.

(The room is a little dark, don't you think?)

Das Zimmer ist ein bisschen dunkel, findest du nicht?.

We have seen this with the adjective "dunkel" at the end of the conversation in Chapter 12.6 but it also affects adjectives such as eitel (= vain), übel (= bad evil), miserabel (= miserable), sensibel (= sensitive) or flexibel (= flexible). Was trägt ein schweizerischer Arbeiter zur Arbeit?Īdjectives that end in "-el" drop this final "-e" when they "inflect" i.e.

Was trägt ein Schweizer Arbeiter zur Arbeit?.

(The Swiss football team is playing today.)

Die Schweizer Fußballmannschaft spielt heute.ĭie schweizerische Fußballmannschaft spielt heute.

take adjective endings, the normal adjective "schweizerisch" does. Whilst the adjective "Schweizer" does not "decline" i.e.

(You are speaking to a student from Berlin.)Ĭare must therefore be taken when translating the adjective "Swiss" into German. Du redest mit einem Berliner Studenten.Die Stuttgarter Kneipen sind immer voll.(You will meet each other at Cologne central station.) Ihr werdet euch am Kölner Hauptbahnhof treffen.Luckily, there are some rules to help you. While native German speakers intuitively know which article to use, it is best for German learners to learn the article together with the noun. Wir wohnen in einem ruhigen Dresdner Vorort. We use the articles der, die or das depending on the gender of the noun: der for masculine, die for feminine and das for neuter.they always end in "-er" regardless of the gender of the noun to which it refers and the case that this noun is in.

#GERMAN GRAMMAR RULES FOR ADJECTIVES FULL#

The full list of adjectives of nationality can be found in Chapter 7.8.Īdjectives formed from the names of cities and towns do not add adjectival endings - i.e. A second Swiss adjective "schweizerisch" also exists - this word does not start with a capital letter (see below). Only one country also forms an adjective in this way: the adjective "Schweizer" (= Swiss) comes from adding "-er" to "die Schweiz". All adjectives formed from towns and cities start with a capital letter.Ģ. Other city adjectives such as those derived from the Eastern German cities of Halle and Jena need to be learned separately. In some instances such as Dresden and München, the final vowel in the name of the city disappears in the adjectival form. Adjectives expressing the names of German towns and cities are formed by adding "-er" to the name of the place.